the past six years have been killed and expelled 54,000 Indians 1253
The castle built on a bubble of popularity of President Uribe seems to start falling. Never in the 6 years since the President in office had registered so many protests or duration, or intensity, or participation. The presidential figure built on a belligerent rhetoric has hidden behind social issues "Sacrifice to win the war against terrorists." But now the real life problems of Colombians are exploiting aggrieved by an economic crisis that hit the country hard.
From October 12, the so-called day of the race, that Western rhetoric designated as the day when America was discovered, forgetting that it was inhabited, the Indian protest has been coupled with various social sectors and mobilized . The judicial sector has been completed yesterday a 43-day strike, something unprecedented cane cutters in the Cauca Valley region for over a busy month mills, demanding dignity and direct contracting with a salary righteous transporters strike have ended a long few days ago. The student prepares a rising sector for 23 and the Registrar General began an indefinite strike today.
began on 12 Minga of people commemorating the 516 years of resistance, the demonstrations take place throughout the country and this has been a catalyst for the protest to receive moral and material support nationally and internationally. The Minga has been accompanied by CUT (Unitary Central of Workers), the largest in the country, the judicial sector (Asonal Judicial), the sugar cane cutters, the education sector, rural areas and many more. Again indigenous Colombians 102 counting those who are not officially recognized, are proving to be the conscience and moral force of a country that has forgotten how to fight for their rights, drunk on presidential rhetoric. This result is not casual, indigenous Colombians, and most of all the Nasa, has been building relationships with other social sectors for years in an attempt to find common points minimum on which to build a series of joint measures to try to break down divisions historical Colombian social actors.
The reasons for the fight
At this moment, in several departments (Guajira, Córdoba, Sucre, Atlántico, Chocó, Norte de Santander, Risaralda, Caldas, Quindío, Valle del Cauca, Cauca, Tolima, Huila, Casanare, Meta and Boyacá) mobilized thousands of Indians are asking for dialogue with the government on 5 fundamental points which, as they say, contain many more. (1)
One of the reasons for the protests is the number of killings of indigenous people has increased considerably in recent weeks. According to ONIC (National Indigenous Organization of Colombia): "Over the past six years, 1,253 natives have been killed across the country [...] every 53 hours an Indian is killed [...] and at least 54,000 have been expelled from their ancestral lands. "Only in the last 15 days have killed 19 Indians.
Another reason is the failure of the State of the agreements signed with communities. A representative example is the Nasa people. On December 21, 1991 , 20 Indians, including women and children, were massacred with the complicity of the security forces in what is known as the slaughter of the Nile The state was responsible for the slaughter and was recognized internationally and is committed to comply with the recommendations of IACHR (Inter-American Commission on Human Rights), in justice, individual and collective reparation. The former President Ernesto Samper himself apologized publicly on behalf of the Colombian State to the victims of this slaughter, their relatives and to the people NASA. To date these arrangements have not been observed, moreover, the current government committed the September 13, 2005, through the latest agreement, to comply with all outstanding obligations no later than two years. To date, no refund has been complied from 15,000 acres to the people NASA.
Indians also oppose a series of laws such as the Rural Statute, the Mining Code, laws and plans of water, forest law, promoted by the Uribe government, who "choose to favor the economic interests and help territorial dispossession " according to ONIC. These laws are contrary to Article 120 of the Constitution of 1991 which states: "the use of natural resources in indigenous habitats by the State shall be made without harming the cultural, social and economic such habitats, and likewise subject to prior information and consultation of indigenous communities concerned. The benefits of this use by indigenous peoples are subject to the Constitution and the law. "
In the past 6 years, always according to ONIC, 53,885 Indians have been driven from their lands and today, 18 Colombian indigenous peoples are at risk of disappearing because they are currently less than 200 inhabitants, and ten have less than 100. As they reiterated, "Native Indian without land is dead."
These rights to land and life are contained in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted in September 2007, signed by all Latin American countries except Colombia. Today the Indians also move its adoption in this country.
These are the reasons that lie behind the great mobilization of the Indians who ask for a direct meeting with President Uribe.
The ONIC reported bring the following information on the action: in Tolima, some 2,000 indigenous Nasa Pijaos and runs in between Guam and Espinal peacefully, like other 400 indigenous Embera Chami in Armenia, capital of Quindio. In Caldas, is the concentration in the municipality of Riosucio, and indigenous people in El Chocó maintain a peaceful takeover of the Ombudsman in Quibdó. Within the headquarters of the Office more than 300 indigenous Embera Katios Dóvida and working on committees with regional authorities on issues such as health, education or food security. Outside, a similar number of Indians support the peaceful takeover.
In the Valle del Cauca, on the road connecting Palmira Popayan, Florida and Pradera, at the roundabout of the bridge there are over one thousand indigenous Embera Chami, Eperara Siapidaara and Wannan. In Huila, 9 "goats" that came from the guards have been detained by authorities after requisition to each of the 500 Indians, they did not want to miss.
In Guajira: despite the winter and disasters in many of its settlements in Manauare and Riohacha mediations, the Wayuu are mobilized in the path of the hat due to the capital of La Guajira. The marchers, from Friday, are healing the territory with songs, dances, ceremonies and reaffirmation of the word the indigenous receive Wiwa, indigenous students and other sectors. The meeting point is the Universidad de la Guajira.
In Cordoba Zenú and thousands of indigenous Embera Katio and the Upper San Jorge, come together in this Minga, dignity and rights of indigenous peoples, in total, it is estimated that about 40 000 indigenous people have gone roads and community centers to join the National Minga of Indigenous Resistance.
The Mary
The heaviest fighting has taken place in the Mary-Piendamó (Cauca) where 20,000 ethnic Indians Guambiano Nasa Yanacona Totoró, Coconuco and Eperara-Siapirara have taken the Panamerican highway between Cali and Popayan, to draw national attention.
The State has sent the anti-riot (riot police), stating that in 10 minutes would clear the road. Indigenous resistance has been maintained for more than 24 hours after two days, at this time seems once again taken the road.
Mary was generated in the extremely violent confrontation during which there have been more than 70 injured and two dead Indians, one of which is Ramos Valencia, from the shelter Tacueyó, which has received a bullet in the head, he crossed from side to side. What has
spent in this shelter have been extremely serious. The national police, under the responsibility of President Alvaro Uribe, the governor of Cauca, Guillermo González Mosquera and riot police commander, Colonel Jorge Cartagena, has used unconventional weapons against the indigenous people who defended only with batons and stones. The police, in addition to gas, machetes and clubs, have used bullets and shot rifles recalzados which are a mixture of black powder, nails, tacks and glass that, when detonated, generates a burst of shrapnel. Some of these unconventional unexploded grenades have been delivered to international delegates from Wednesday are Maria Piendamó present.
The international community realized the seriousness of the facts and is accompanied by the mobilization. Officials have come from the embassies of Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain and the United States and United Nations representatives and the European Community, UNHCR, OCHA and UNICEF. Visitors have asked the police not to invade the receipt of Maria because under the Constitution, the indigenous authorities are state authority in their reserves. And the guards they may be searched without Indian approval. Law enforcement, once recovered the road, infiltrated the guard and burned several houses.
In addition to the attack with bullets, the indigenous community have been victims of a shameful media campaign. Offensive
media
Several media outlets have done more to quote government sources, without realizing the pain of going to check the news, accusing the Indian use firearms and to be infiltrated by guerrillas the FARC.
speak lies against these facts, the dead and injured indigenous documented in photos. The process of making the road is a decision that comes from below, the residents at a meeting proposed to the Governors of the councils actions to take, they meet, decide and report assemblies, no guerrillas, no decisions of a town extremely conscious decision making as a community.
The criminalization of protest is an exercise widely practiced in Colombia where the FARC are transformed into an excuse to crush social movements. According to the President, guerrillas are students, cutters, judges, indigenous teachers, transporters and farmers. If so, its democratic security policy would be a real failure, the whole country being infiltrated by the guerrillas.
The same people who accuse them of being guerrillas farmers are those who are tried for crimes of the paramilitaries, these if real, as evidenced by the 60 MPs involved in the para-political scandal, or even the former governor of Cauca, Juan José Chaux Mosquera, has attacked both the indigenous Nasa. Chaux, having served as governor, was appointed by President Uribe, Ambassador to the Dominican Republic, according to the had to resign for his proven links with paramilitaries.
While these notes end news comes a new take on the road in the Mary and new attacks with firearms by the police and the army.
repression of these days is being given as part of the largest anti-government protests Uribe, today is expected a large march in support of Indigenous Peoples in the capital Bogota.
Simone Bruno is Italian journalist.
From October 12, the so-called day of the race, that Western rhetoric designated as the day when America was discovered, forgetting that it was inhabited, the Indian protest has been coupled with various social sectors and mobilized . The judicial sector has been completed yesterday a 43-day strike, something unprecedented cane cutters in the Cauca Valley region for over a busy month mills, demanding dignity and direct contracting with a salary righteous transporters strike have ended a long few days ago. The student prepares a rising sector for 23 and the Registrar General began an indefinite strike today.
began on 12 Minga of people commemorating the 516 years of resistance, the demonstrations take place throughout the country and this has been a catalyst for the protest to receive moral and material support nationally and internationally. The Minga has been accompanied by CUT (Unitary Central of Workers), the largest in the country, the judicial sector (Asonal Judicial), the sugar cane cutters, the education sector, rural areas and many more. Again indigenous Colombians 102 counting those who are not officially recognized, are proving to be the conscience and moral force of a country that has forgotten how to fight for their rights, drunk on presidential rhetoric. This result is not casual, indigenous Colombians, and most of all the Nasa, has been building relationships with other social sectors for years in an attempt to find common points minimum on which to build a series of joint measures to try to break down divisions historical Colombian social actors.
The reasons for the fight
At this moment, in several departments (Guajira, Córdoba, Sucre, Atlántico, Chocó, Norte de Santander, Risaralda, Caldas, Quindío, Valle del Cauca, Cauca, Tolima, Huila, Casanare, Meta and Boyacá) mobilized thousands of Indians are asking for dialogue with the government on 5 fundamental points which, as they say, contain many more. (1)
One of the reasons for the protests is the number of killings of indigenous people has increased considerably in recent weeks. According to ONIC (National Indigenous Organization of Colombia): "Over the past six years, 1,253 natives have been killed across the country [...] every 53 hours an Indian is killed [...] and at least 54,000 have been expelled from their ancestral lands. "Only in the last 15 days have killed 19 Indians.
Another reason is the failure of the State of the agreements signed with communities. A representative example is the Nasa people. On December 21, 1991 , 20 Indians, including women and children, were massacred with the complicity of the security forces in what is known as the slaughter of the Nile The state was responsible for the slaughter and was recognized internationally and is committed to comply with the recommendations of IACHR (Inter-American Commission on Human Rights), in justice, individual and collective reparation. The former President Ernesto Samper himself apologized publicly on behalf of the Colombian State to the victims of this slaughter, their relatives and to the people NASA. To date these arrangements have not been observed, moreover, the current government committed the September 13, 2005, through the latest agreement, to comply with all outstanding obligations no later than two years. To date, no refund has been complied from 15,000 acres to the people NASA.
Indians also oppose a series of laws such as the Rural Statute, the Mining Code, laws and plans of water, forest law, promoted by the Uribe government, who "choose to favor the economic interests and help territorial dispossession " according to ONIC. These laws are contrary to Article 120 of the Constitution of 1991 which states: "the use of natural resources in indigenous habitats by the State shall be made without harming the cultural, social and economic such habitats, and likewise subject to prior information and consultation of indigenous communities concerned. The benefits of this use by indigenous peoples are subject to the Constitution and the law. "
In the past 6 years, always according to ONIC, 53,885 Indians have been driven from their lands and today, 18 Colombian indigenous peoples are at risk of disappearing because they are currently less than 200 inhabitants, and ten have less than 100. As they reiterated, "Native Indian without land is dead."
These rights to land and life are contained in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted in September 2007, signed by all Latin American countries except Colombia. Today the Indians also move its adoption in this country.
These are the reasons that lie behind the great mobilization of the Indians who ask for a direct meeting with President Uribe.
The ONIC reported bring the following information on the action: in Tolima, some 2,000 indigenous Nasa Pijaos and runs in between Guam and Espinal peacefully, like other 400 indigenous Embera Chami in Armenia, capital of Quindio. In Caldas, is the concentration in the municipality of Riosucio, and indigenous people in El Chocó maintain a peaceful takeover of the Ombudsman in Quibdó. Within the headquarters of the Office more than 300 indigenous Embera Katios Dóvida and working on committees with regional authorities on issues such as health, education or food security. Outside, a similar number of Indians support the peaceful takeover.
In the Valle del Cauca, on the road connecting Palmira Popayan, Florida and Pradera, at the roundabout of the bridge there are over one thousand indigenous Embera Chami, Eperara Siapidaara and Wannan. In Huila, 9 "goats" that came from the guards have been detained by authorities after requisition to each of the 500 Indians, they did not want to miss.
In Guajira: despite the winter and disasters in many of its settlements in Manauare and Riohacha mediations, the Wayuu are mobilized in the path of the hat due to the capital of La Guajira. The marchers, from Friday, are healing the territory with songs, dances, ceremonies and reaffirmation of the word the indigenous receive Wiwa, indigenous students and other sectors. The meeting point is the Universidad de la Guajira.
In Cordoba Zenú and thousands of indigenous Embera Katio and the Upper San Jorge, come together in this Minga, dignity and rights of indigenous peoples, in total, it is estimated that about 40 000 indigenous people have gone roads and community centers to join the National Minga of Indigenous Resistance.
The Mary
The heaviest fighting has taken place in the Mary-Piendamó (Cauca) where 20,000 ethnic Indians Guambiano Nasa Yanacona Totoró, Coconuco and Eperara-Siapirara have taken the Panamerican highway between Cali and Popayan, to draw national attention.
The State has sent the anti-riot (riot police), stating that in 10 minutes would clear the road. Indigenous resistance has been maintained for more than 24 hours after two days, at this time seems once again taken the road.
Mary was generated in the extremely violent confrontation during which there have been more than 70 injured and two dead Indians, one of which is Ramos Valencia, from the shelter Tacueyó, which has received a bullet in the head, he crossed from side to side. What has
spent in this shelter have been extremely serious. The national police, under the responsibility of President Alvaro Uribe, the governor of Cauca, Guillermo González Mosquera and riot police commander, Colonel Jorge Cartagena, has used unconventional weapons against the indigenous people who defended only with batons and stones. The police, in addition to gas, machetes and clubs, have used bullets and shot rifles recalzados which are a mixture of black powder, nails, tacks and glass that, when detonated, generates a burst of shrapnel. Some of these unconventional unexploded grenades have been delivered to international delegates from Wednesday are Maria Piendamó present.
The international community realized the seriousness of the facts and is accompanied by the mobilization. Officials have come from the embassies of Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain and the United States and United Nations representatives and the European Community, UNHCR, OCHA and UNICEF. Visitors have asked the police not to invade the receipt of Maria because under the Constitution, the indigenous authorities are state authority in their reserves. And the guards they may be searched without Indian approval. Law enforcement, once recovered the road, infiltrated the guard and burned several houses.
In addition to the attack with bullets, the indigenous community have been victims of a shameful media campaign. Offensive
media
Several media outlets have done more to quote government sources, without realizing the pain of going to check the news, accusing the Indian use firearms and to be infiltrated by guerrillas the FARC.
speak lies against these facts, the dead and injured indigenous documented in photos. The process of making the road is a decision that comes from below, the residents at a meeting proposed to the Governors of the councils actions to take, they meet, decide and report assemblies, no guerrillas, no decisions of a town extremely conscious decision making as a community.
The criminalization of protest is an exercise widely practiced in Colombia where the FARC are transformed into an excuse to crush social movements. According to the President, guerrillas are students, cutters, judges, indigenous teachers, transporters and farmers. If so, its democratic security policy would be a real failure, the whole country being infiltrated by the guerrillas.
The same people who accuse them of being guerrillas farmers are those who are tried for crimes of the paramilitaries, these if real, as evidenced by the 60 MPs involved in the para-political scandal, or even the former governor of Cauca, Juan José Chaux Mosquera, has attacked both the indigenous Nasa. Chaux, having served as governor, was appointed by President Uribe, Ambassador to the Dominican Republic, according to the had to resign for his proven links with paramilitaries.
While these notes end news comes a new take on the road in the Mary and new attacks with firearms by the police and the army.
repression of these days is being given as part of the largest anti-government protests Uribe, today is expected a large march in support of Indigenous Peoples in the capital Bogota.
Simone Bruno is Italian journalist.
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